For many households, standposts managed by utilities, donors, or private operators have emerged as an alternative to piped water. Therefore, many countries have begun to subsidize household connections. This can be a significant barrier to expansion for utilities. Many poor households cannot even afford a connection to the piped water network. The subsidy to the lowest tariff-block does not benefit the poor exclusively, and the minimum consumption charge is often burdensome for the poorest customers. Unfortunately, the equity objectives of the IBT structure are not met in many countries. At the same time, few utilities can recover even a small part of their capital costs, even in the highest tariff blocks. Most African utilities are able to achieve O&M cost recovery at the highest block tariffs, but not at the first-block tariffs, which are designed to provide affordable water to low-volume consumers, who are often poor. The increasing block tariff (IBT) is the most common tariff structure in Africa. As a result, water tariffs are higher than in other regions of the world. They also have a mandate to at least partially recover their costs of operations and maintenance (O&M). Effective August 13, 1990.Water and sanitation utilities in Africa operate in a high-cost environment.
#Public utilities code 5384 driver
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, this section does not apply to the driver of any bus, taxicab, or van, and it does not prohibit a parent or legal guardian from consuming alcoholic beverages in a limousine for hire while accompanied by his or her minor children.
(b) Any failure of a driver to comply with subdivision (a) that results in the conviction of the driver of a violation of Section 23225 of the Vehicle Code, shall be subject to the penalties prescribed in Section 5384.5. (4) If any minor passenger, after signing a statement pursuant to paragraph (3), is found to be, or to have been, consuming any alcoholic beverage during the course of any ride subject to this section, the driver shall immediately terminate the contract of hire and shall return the passengers to the point of origin of the ride. The limousine operator shall retain the signed statement for the period required by the commission. (3) After reading the statement described in paragraph (2) to every passenger under the age of 21 years, the driver shall require every passenger under the age of 21 years to sign the statement. (2) If any passenger is under the age of 21 years, the driver shall read to the passenger a statement that the consumption of any alcoholic beverage in the vehicle is unlawful, that no alcoholic beverage may be transported in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, that all alcoholic beverages are required to be carried in the vehicle trunk or other locked compartment, and that, if during the course of the ride any minor is found to be, or to have been, consuming any alcoholic beverage, the contract will be terminated and the customer will be brought back to the point of origin of the ride. (1) The driver shall ascertain whether any passenger is under the age of 21 years. (a) The driver of any limousine for hire operated by a charter-party carrier of passengers under a valid certificate or permit shall do all of the following: CA Pub Util Code § 5384.1 (through 2012 Leg Sess) What's This?
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